1 GeoFroggy

Background

After seven decades as a constituent republic of the USSR, Belarus attained its independence in 1991. It has retained closer political and economic ties to Russia than any of the other former Soviet republics. Belarus and Russia signed a treaty on a two-state union on 8 December 1999 envisioning greater political and economic integration. Although Belarus agreed to a framework to carry out the accord, serious implementation has yet to take place. Since his election in July 1994 as the country's first president, Aleksandr LUKASHENKO has steadily consolidated his power through authoritarian means. Government restrictions on freedom of speech and the press, peaceful assembly, and religion remain in place.

Location

Eastern Europe, east of Poland

Area Comparative

Slightly smaller than Kansas

Maritime Claims

none (landlocked)

Climate
Cold winters, cool and moist summers; transitional between continental and maritime

Natural Hazards

NA

Environment Current Issues

Soil pollution from pesticide use; southern part of the country contaminated with fallout from 1986 nuclear reactor accident at Chornobyl' in northern Ukraine

Environment International Agreements

Party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography Note

Landlocked; glacial scouring accounts for the flatness of Belarusian terrain and for its 11,000 lakes
Year

Map Reference

  • Europe

Irrigated Land 2003

  • 1,150 sq km

Area 2013

  • Total
    207,600 sq km
  • Land
    202,900 sq km
  • Water
    4,700 sq km

Coastline

  • 0 km

Geographical Coordinates

  • 53 00 N, 28 00 E

Land use 2013

  • Arable Land
    26.63%
  • Permanent Crops
    0.59%
  • Other
    72.78%

Terrain

  • Generally flat and contains much marshland

Elevation

  • Lowest Point: Nyoman River 90 m
  • Highest Point: Dzyarzhynskaya Hara 346 m

Land Boundaries

  • Total
    3,306 km
  • Latvia km
  • Lithuania
    680 km
  • Poland
    605 km
  • Russia
    959 km
  • Ukraine
    891 km

Natural Resources

  • Timber
  • Peat deposits
  • Small quantities of oil and natural gas
  • Granite
  • Dolomitic limestone
  • Marl
  • Chalk
  • Sand
  • Gravel
  • Clay
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