Refugees country of origin: 20,086 (Syria), 7,049 (Afghanistan), 5,769 (Iraq) (mid-year 2022); 73,095 (Ukraine) (as of 22 August 2023)
Stateless persons: 1,190 (2022)
Trafficking in Persons
Illicit Drugs
a transit point for precursor chemicals from China and India destined for clandestine synthetic drug laboratories in the Netherlands and to some labs in Belgium; a primary entry point for cocaine into Europe; one of the top methamphetamine producers in Europe; Â a major source of precursor or essential chemicals used in the production of illicit narcotics
