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Bangladesh

Continent: Asia

Geography

People &
Society

Government

Economy

Energy

Communications

Military &
Security

Transportation

Terrorism

Transnational Issues
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Background

Bangladesh came into existence in 1971 when Bengali East Pakistan seceded from its union with West Pakistan. About a third of this extremely poor country floods annually during the monsoon rainy season, hampering economic development.

Location

Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India

Area Comparative

Slightly smaller than Iowa

Maritime Claims

Contiguous zone: 18 NM

Territorial sea: 12 NM

Continental shelf: up to the outer limits of the continental margin

Exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

Climate
Tropical; mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June); humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)

Natural Hazards

Droughts, cyclones; much of the country routinely inundated during the summer monsoon season

Environment Current Issues

Many people are landless and forced to live on and cultivate flood-prone land; water-borne diseases prevalent in surface water; water pollution, especially of fishing areas, results from the use of commercial pesticides; ground water contaminated by naturally occurring arsenic; intermittent water shortages because of falling water tables in the northern and central parts of the country; soil degradation and erosion; deforestation; severe overpopulation

Environment International Agreements

Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified: None of the selected agreements

Geography Note

Most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowing from the Himalayas: the Ganges unites with the Jamuna (main channel of the Brahmaputra) and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal
Year

Map Reference

  • Asia

Irrigated Land 1998

  • 38,440 sq km

Area 2003

  • Total
    144,000 sq km
  • Land
    133,910 sq km
  • Water
    10,090 sq km

Coastline

  • 580 km

Geographical Coordinates

  • 24 00 N, 90 00 E

Land use 2003

  • Arable Land
    60.7%
  • Permanent Crops
    2.61%
  • Other
    36.69%

Terrain

  • Mostly flat alluvial plain; hilly in southeast

Elevation

  • Lowest Point: Indian Ocean 0 m
  • Highest Point: Keokradong 1,230 m

Land Boundaries

  • Total
    4,246 km
  • Burma
    193 km
  • India
    4,053 km

Natural Resources

  • Natural gas
  • Arable land
  • Timber
  • Coal
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