3 GeoFroggy

Country Name

Conventional long form: Republic of Belarus

Conventional short form: Belarus

Local long form: Respublika Byelarus'

Local short form: none

Former: Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic

Administrative Divisions

voblasti have the administrative center name following in parentheses

Independence

25 August 1991 (Belarusian Supreme Soviet declaration of independence from the Soviet Union)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 3 July (1944); note - represents Minsk liberation from German occupation

Constitution

30 March 1994; revised by national referendum of 24 November 1996 giving the presidency greatly expanded powers and became effective 27 November 1996

Legal System

based on civil law system

International Law Organization Participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive Branch

Chief of state: President Aleksandr LUKASHENKO (since 20 July 1994)

Head of government: Prime Minister Sergey LING (acting since 18 November 1996, confirmed 19 February 1997); First Deputy Prime Minister Vasiliy DOLGOLEV (since 2 December 1998); Deputy Prime Ministers Vladimir ZAMETALIN (since 15 July 1997), Ural LATYPOV (since 30 December 1997), Gennadiy NOVITSKIY (since 11 February 1997), Leonid KOZIK (since 4 February 1997), Aleksandr POPKOV (since 10 November 1998)

Cabinet: Council of Ministers

Elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 24 June and 10 July 1994 (next to be held NA; according to the 1994 constitution, the next election should have been held in 1999, however LUKASHENKO extended his term to 2001 via the November 1996 referendum); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president

Election results: Aleksandr LUKASHENKO elected president; percent of vote - Aleksandr LUKASHENKO 85%, Vyacheslav KEBICH 15%

Note: first presidential elections took place in June-July 1994

Legislative Branch

Elections: last held May and November-December 1995 (two rounds, each with a run-off; disbanded after the November 1996 referendum; next to be held NA)

Election results: after the November 1996 referendum, seats for the Chamber of Representatives were filled by former Supreme Soviet members as follows

Judicial Branch

Supreme Court, judges are appointed by the president; Constitutional Court, half of the judges appointed by the president and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives

Political Parties and Leaders

Agrarian Party [Aleksandr PAVLOV, acting chairman]; Belarusian Communist Party or KPB [Viktor CHIKIN, chairman]; Belarusian Green Party or BPZ [Mikalay KARTASH, chairman]; Belarusian Labor Party or BPP [Aleksandr BUKHVOSTOV, chairman]; Belarusian Patriotic Movement (Belarusian Patriotic Party) or BPR [Anatoliy BARANKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Popular Front or BNF [Vintsuk VYACHORKA, chairman]; Belarusian Social-Democrat or SDBP [Nikolay STATKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Social-Democratic Party Hramada [Stanislav SHUSHKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Social Sports Party or BSSP [Aleksandr ALEKSANDROVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Socialist Party [Vyacheslav KUZNETSOV]; Civic Accord Bloc (United Civic Party) or CAB [Stanislav BOGDANKEVICH, chairman]; Ecological Party or BEP [Liudmila YELIZAROVA, chairperson]; Liberal-Democratic Party or LDPB [Sergei GAYDUKEVICH, chairman]; Party of All-Belarusian Unity and Concord or UPNAZ [Dmitriy BULAKOV, chairman]; Party of Communists Belarusian or PKB [Sergei KALYAKIN, chairman]; Party of Popular Accord or PPA [Leanid SECHKA]; Republican Party of Labor and Justice or RPPS [Anatoliy NETYLKIN, chairman]; Women's Party Nadezhda [Valentina POLEVIKOVA, chairperson]

Flag Description

Red horizontal band (top) and green horizontal band one-half the width of the red band; a white vertical stripe on the hoist side bears the Belarusian national ornament in red

National Anthem

Year

Government Type

  • Republic

Data Code

  • BO

Capital

    Minsk

Diplomatic Representation in the US

  • Chief Of Mission
    Ambassador Valery TSEPAKO
  • Chancery
    1619 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
  • Telephone
    [1] (202) 986-1604
  • FAX
    [1] (202) 986-1805
  • Consulate(s) General
    New York

Diplomatic Representation from the US

  • Chief Of Mission
    Ambassador Daniel V. SPECKHARD
  • Embassy
    Starovilenskaya #46-220002, Minsk
  • Mailing Address
    use embassy street address
  • Telephone
    [375] (17) 231-5000
  • FAX
    [375] (17) 234-7853

International Organization Participation

  • CCC
  • CEI
  • CIS
  • EAPC
  • EBRD
  • ECE
  • IAEA
  • IBRD
  • ICAO
  • ICRM
  • IFC
  • IFRCS
  • ILO
  • IMF
  • Inmarsat
  • Intelsat (nonsignatory user)
  • Interpol
  • IOC
  • IOM (observer)
  • ISO
  • ITU
  • NAM
  • OPCW
  • OSCE
  • PCA
  • PFP
  • UN
  • UNCTAD
  • UNESCO
  • UNIDO
  • UPU
  • WFTU
  • WHO
  • WIPO
  • WMO
  • WTrO (applicant)