3 GeoFroggy

Country Name

Conventional long form: Republic of Belarus

Conventional short form: Belarus

Local long form: Respublika Byelarus'

Local short form: none

Former: Belorussian (Byelorussian) Soviet Socialist Republic

Administrative Divisions

voblasti have the administrative center name following in parentheses

Independence

25 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

National Holiday

Independence Day, 3 July (1944); note - 3 July 1944 was the date Minsk was liberated from German troops, 25 August 1991 was the date of independence from the Soviet Union

Constitution

30 March 1994; revised by national referendum of 24 November 1996 giving the presidency greatly expanded powers and became effective 27 November 1996

Legal System

based on civil law system

International Law Organization Participation

Citizenship

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Executive Branch

Chief of state: President Aleksandr LUKASHENKO (since 20 July 1994)

Head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir YERMOSHIN (since 18 February 2000); First Deputy Prime Minister Andrey KOBYAKOV (since 13 March 2000); Deputy Prime Ministers Mikhail DEMCHUK (since 14 July 2000), Mikhail KHORSTOV (since 27 November 2000), Valeriy KOKOREV (since 23 August 1994), Leonid KOZIK (since 4 February 1997), Gennadiy NOVITSKIY (since 11 February 1997), Aleksandr POPKOV (since 10 November 1998)

Cabinet: Council of Ministers

Elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; first election took place 23 June and 10 July 1994 (next to be held NA; according to the 1994 constitution, the next election should have been held in 1999, however LUKASHENKO extended his term to 2001 via the November 1996 referendum); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president

Election results: Aleksandr LUKASHENKO elected president; percent of vote - Aleksandr LUKASHENKO 85%, Vyacheslav KEBICH 15%

Legislative Branch

Elections: last held October 2000 (next to be held NA)

Election results: party affiliation data unavailable; under present political conditions party designations are meaningless

Judicial Branch

Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)

Political Parties and Leaders

Agrarian Party or AP [Semyon SHARETSKY, chairman]; Belarusian Communist Party or KPB [Viktor CHIKIN, chairman]; Belarusian Ecological Green Party (merger of Belarusian Ecological Party and Green Party of Belarus) [leader NA]; Belarusian Patriotic Movement (Belarusian Patriotic Party) or BPR [Anatoliy BARANKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Popular Front or BNF [Vintsuk VYACHORKA]; Belarusian Social-Democrat or SDBP [Nikolay STATKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Social-Democratic Party Hromada [Stanislav SHUSHKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Socialist Party [Vyacheslav KUZNETSOV]; Civic Accord Bloc (United Civic Party) or CAB [Stanislav BOGDANKEVICH, chairman]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDPB [Sergei GAYDUKEVICH, chairman]; Party of Communists Belarusian or PKB [Sergei KALYAKIN, chairman]; Republican Party of Labor and Justice or RPPS [Anatoliy NETYLKIN, chairman]; Social-Democrat Party of Popular Accord or PPA [Leanid SECHKA]; Women's Party Nadezhda [Valentina POLEVIKOVA, chairperson]

Political Pressure Groups and Leaders

NA

Flag Description

Red horizontal band (top) and green horizontal band one-half the width of the red band; a white vertical stripe on the hoist side bears the Belarusian national ornament in red

National Anthem

Year

Government Type

  • Republic

Capital

    Minsk

Diplomatic Representation in the US

  • Chief Of Mission
    Ambassador Valeriy TSEPAKLO
  • Chancery
    1619 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
  • Telephone
    [1] (202) 986-1604
  • FAX
    [1] (202) 986-1805
  • Consulate(s) General
    New York

Diplomatic Representation from the US

  • Chief Of Mission
    Ambassador Michael KOZAK
  • Embassy
    46 Starovilenskaya St., Minsk 220002
  • Mailing Address
    use embassy street address
  • Telephone
    [375] (17) 210-12-83
  • FAX
    [375] (17) 234-7853

International Organization Participation

  • CCC
  • CEI
  • CIS
  • EAPC
  • EBRD
  • ECE
  • IAEA
  • IBRD
  • ICAO
  • ICRM
  • IFC
  • IFRCS
  • ILO
  • IMF
  • Inmarsat
  • Intelsat (nonsignatory user)
  • Interpol
  • IOC
  • IOM (observer)
  • ISO
  • ITU
  • NAM
  • NSG
  • OPCW
  • OSCE
  • PCA
  • PFP
  • UN
  • UNCTAD
  • UNESCO
  • UNIDO
  • UPU
  • WFTU
  • WHO
  • WIPO
  • WMO
  • WTrO (observer)