Economy Overview
Brazil is the eighth-largest economy in the world, but is recovering from a recession in 2015 and 2016 that ranks as the worst in the country’s history. In 2017, Brazil`s GDP grew 1%, inflation fell to historic lows of 2.9%, and the Central Bank lowered benchmark interest rates from 13.75% in 2016 to 7%.The economy has been negatively affected by multiple corruption scandals involving private companies and government officials, including the impeachment and conviction of Former President Dilma ROUSSEFF in August 2016. Sanctions against the firms involved — some of the largest in Brazil — have limited their business opportunities, producing a ripple effect on associated businesses and contractors but creating opportunities for foreign companies to step into what had been a closed market.The succeeding TEMER administration has implemented a series of fiscal and structural reforms to restore credibility to government finances. Congress approved legislation in December 2016 to cap public spending. Government spending growth had pushed public debt to 73.7% of GDP at the end of 2017, up from over 50% in 2012. The government also boosted infrastructure projects, such as oil and natural gas auctions, in part to raise revenues. Other economic reforms, proposed in 2016, aim to reduce barriers to foreign investment, and to improve labor conditions. Policies to strengthen Brazil’s workforce and industrial sector, such as local content requirements, have boosted employment, but at the expense of investment.Brazil is a member of the Common Market of the South (Mercosur), a trade bloc that includes Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay - Venezuela’s membership in the organization was suspended In August 2017. After the Asian and Russian financial crises, Mercosur adopted a protectionist stance to guard against exposure to volatile foreign markets and it currently is negotiating Free Trade Agreements with the European Union and Canada.
Agriculture Products
sugar cane, soybeans, maize, milk, cassava, oranges, poultry, rice, beef, cotton
Industries
textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment
Industrial Production Growth Rate
0% (2017 est.)
Labor Force
86.621 million (2020 est.)
Labor Force by Occupation
Agriculture: 9.4%
Industry: 32.1%
Services: 58.5% (2017 est.)
Unemployment Rate
0: 11.93% (2019 est.)
1: 12.26% (2018 est.)
Population Below Poverty Line
4.2% (2016 est.)
Household Income or Consumption by Percentage Share
Lowest 10%: 0.8%
Highest 10%: 43.4% (2016 est.)
Distribution of Family Income Gini Index
0: 53.9 (2018 est.)
1: 54 (2004)
Budget
Revenues: 733.7 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures: 756.3 billion (2017 est.)
Budget Surplus
-1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Public Debt
0: 84% of GDP (2017 est.)
1: 78.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
Market Value of Publicly Traded Shares
Reserves of Foreign Exchange and Gold
0: $374 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
1: $367.5 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
Debt External
0: $681.336 billion (2019 est.)
1: $660.693 billion (2018 est.)
Stock of Direct Foreign Investment at Home
Stock of Direct Foreign Investment Abroad
Exchange Rates
0: reals (BRL) per US dollar -
1: 5.12745 (2020 est.)
2: 4.14915 (2019 est.)
3: 3.862 (2018 est.)
4: 3.3315 (2014 est.)
5: 2.3535 (2013 est.)
